Journal
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
Volume 701, Issue -, Pages -Publisher
ELSEVIER
DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.134930
Keywords
Progestogens; Bacteria; Biotransformation; Wastewater; Transformation product
Categories
Funding
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [NSFC 41273119, U1401235, NSFC 41807455]
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry [SKLOG-201607]
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Natural and synthetic progestogens in livestock environments have become a concern due to the frequent presence and potential adverse effects on aquatic organisms. Here we investigated the biotransformation of progestogens by wastewater-borne bacteria in the field and laboratory under oxic and anoxic conditions. The results showed that all progestogens dissipated faster under oxic conditions than under anoxic conditions, and natural progesterone transformed faster than synthetic progestogens. Meanwhile, dozens of bacterial strains capable of degrading progestogens were successfully isolated from the swine wastewater, and Bacillus sp. P19 and Bacillus sp. DGT2 were found the best for progesterone and dydrogesterone transformation, respectively. In the degradation experiments using a single bacterial strain, progesterone and dydrogesterone dissipated under oxic conditions with half-lives of 11.6 h and 18.2 h, respectively. The transformation pathways were proposed based on the identified transformation products. The findings from this study showed that progestogens can be biotransformed, but not fully mineralized in the environment. (C) 2019 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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