Journal
SCIENCE
Volume 367, Issue 6478, Pages 641-+Publisher
AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE
DOI: 10.1126/science.aaz2046
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Funding
- National Key Research and Development Program of China [2016YFD0100401, 2016YFD0100706]
- Ministry of Agriculture of China [2016ZX08009-001, 2016ZX08009-003]
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [31830082, 31921005, 91935301, 31970304]
- Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences [XDB27010000]
- Biological and Biotechnological Sciences Research Council (UK) Newton Fund Rice Research Initiative grant [BB/N013611/1]
- BBSRC [BB/N013611/1, BB/S013741/1] Funding Source: UKRI
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Because environmentally degrading inorganic fertilizer use underlies current worldwide cereal yields, future agricultural sustainability demands enhanced nitrogen use efficiency. We found that genome-wide promotion of histone H3 lysine 27 trimethylation (H3K27me3) enables nitrogen-induced stimulation of rice tillering: APETALA2-domain transcription factor NGR5 (NITROGEN-MEDIATED TILLER GROWTH RESPONSE 5) facilitates nitrogen-dependent recruitment of polycomb repressive complex 2 to repress branching-inhibitory genes via H3K27me3 modification. NGR5 is a target of gibberellin receptor GIBBERELLIN INSENSITIVE DWARF1 (GID1)-promoted proteasomal destruction. DELLA proteins (characterized by the presence of a conserved aspartate-glutamate-leucine-leucine-alanine motif) competitively inhibit the GID1-NGR5 interaction and explain increased tillering of green revolution varieties. Increased NGR5 activity consequently uncouples tillering from nitrogen regulation, boosting rice yield at low nitrogen fertilization levels. NGR5 thus enables enhanced nitrogen use efficiency for improved future agricultural sustainability and food security.
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