Journal
SCIENCE
Volume 366, Issue 6472, Pages 1480-+Publisher
AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE
DOI: 10.1126/science.aaw9229
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Funding
- U.S. Army Research Office [W911NF17-1-0310]
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Engineered Quantum Systems (EQUS) [CE170100009]
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Future Low-Energy Electronics Technologies (FLEET) [CE170100039]
- Australian Research Council [FT140100650, DE190100318]
- University of Queensland [UQFEL1833877]
- Australian Research Council [DE190100318] Funding Source: Australian Research Council
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Quantized vortices are fundamental to the two-dimensional dynamics of superfluids, from quantum turbulence to phase transitions. However, surface effects have prevented direct observations of coherent two-dimensional vortex dynamics in strongly interacting systems. Here, we overcome this challenge by confining a thin film of superfluid helium at microscale on the atomically smooth surface of a silicon chip. An on-chip optical microcavity allows laser initiation of clusters of quasi-two-dimensional vortices and nondestructive observation of their decay in a single shot. Coherent dynamics dominate, with thermal vortex diffusion suppressed by five orders of magnitude. This establishes an on-chip platform with which to study emergent phenomena in strongly interacting superfluids and to develop quantum technologies such as precision inertial sensors.
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