Journal
SCIENCE
Volume 366, Issue 6470, Pages 1213-+Publisher
AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE
DOI: 10.1126/science.aay9070
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Funding
- USGS Volcano Science Center
- KAKENHI [17KK0092, 15K13591]
- Kanazawa University
- Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research [17KK0092, 15K13591] Funding Source: KAKEN
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Lava flows present a recurring threat to communities on active volcanoes, and volumetric eruption rate is one of the primary factors controlling flow behavior and hazard. The time scales and driving forces of eruption rate variability, however, remain poorly understood. In 2018, a highly destructive eruption occurred on the lower flank of Kilauea Volcano, Hawai'i, where the primary vent exhibited substantial cyclic eruption rates on both short (minutes) and long (tens of hours) time scales. We used multiparameter data to show that the short cycles were driven by shallow outgassing, whereas longer cycles were pressure-driven surges in magma supply triggered by summit caldera collapse events 40 kilometers upslope. The results provide a clear link between eruption rate fluctuations and their driving processes in the magmatic system.
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