Chemical Composition, Antibacterial and Cytotoxic Activities of the Essential Oil from Ficus tikoua Bur.

The chemical composition and biological activities of the essential oil from Ficus tikoua Bur. were reported for the first time. Fifty-three compounds, accounting for 99.60% of the total essential oil composition, were identified and the main components were palmitic acid (51.13%) and linoleic acid (47.54%). The essential oil revealed significant antibacterial activity with the inhibition zones (7.89-10.59 mm), MIC (0.20-6.25 mg/mL) and MBC (0.20-12.50 mg/mL) against Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, Enterococcus faecalis, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Proteus vulgaris. The essential oil exhibited significant cytotoxicity against A549, NCI-H1299, PC-3 and K562 tumor cells with the IC50 values of 131.08, 50.32, 120.58 and 31.68 mu g/mL, respectively. The essential oil exhibited selective cytotoxic activity to human tumor cell lines, with a significantly lower cytotoxicity to human normal cell line (MRC-5, IC50 = 161.75 mu g/mL) than to tumor cells. Additionally, palmitic acid, as the major compound, aslo revealed significant antibacterial and cytotoxic activities.