Journal
CANADIAN JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGICAL SCIENCES
Volume 43, Issue 2, Pages 219-226Publisher
CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS
DOI: 10.1017/cjn.2015.333
Keywords
Synaptic inhibition; neuronal synchronization; seizures; Cl- transport; development; mental retardation
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This review centers on the discoveries made during more than six decades of neuroscience research on the role of gamma-amino-butyric acid (GABA) as neurotransmitter. In doing so, special emphasis is directed to the significant involvement of Canadian scientists in these advances. Starting with the early studies that established GABA as an inhibitory neurotransmitter at central synapses, we summarize the results pointing at the GABA receptor as a drug target as well as more recent evidence showing that GABA(A) receptor signaling plays a surprisingly active role in neuronal network synchronization, both during development and in the adult brain. Finally, we briefly address the involvement of GABA in neurological conditions that encompass epileptic disorders and mental retardation.
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