Journal
CANADIAN JOURNAL OF FISHERIES AND AQUATIC SCIENCES
Volume 73, Issue 4, Pages 677-684Publisher
CANADIAN SCIENCE PUBLISHING
DOI: 10.1139/cjfas-2015-0159
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- University of Victoria
- Liber Ero Foundation
- Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC)
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Body size is a critical feature of the ecology of most organisms and has been used to describe and understand predator-prey interactions in both terrestrial and aquatic environments. Most previous studies have used prey mass to examine the relationships between predator size and prey size; however, using prey lengths may provide a different perspective, particularly for gape-limited fishes. Using a large database of predator and prey lengths for marine aquatic predators, I found the expected positive wedge-shaped relationship between predator length and prey length and a negative converging relationship between relative prey length (prey -predator length ratio = a measure of trophic niche breadth) and predator length. Distinct patterns in the size scaling of this measure of trophic niche breadth were identified using quantile regression: converging relationships were common among adults but absent among larvae. This difference suggests contrasting ontogenetic foraging opportunities between adults and larvae: a lack of large relative prey sizes for the largest adult predators, and a greater ability of larvae to include larger prey items in their diet as they grow.
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