Journal
OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY CLINICS OF NORTH AMERICA
Volume 47, Issue 1, Pages 65-+Publisher
W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC
DOI: 10.1016/j.ogc.2019.11.001
Keywords
Insulin; Glucose; Placental development; Fetal phenotype; Sexual dimorphism; Stress
Categories
Funding
- Austrian Science Fund (FWF), Vienna
- Jubilee Fund of the Austrian National Bank (OENB), Vienna
- European Commission (Brussels)
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The placenta is exposed to metabolic derangements in the maternal and fetal circulation. The effects of the early placental exposome determine further trajectories. Overstimulation of the fetal pancreas in early gestation results in fetal hyperinsulinemia, augmenting glucose transfer with adverse effects on the fetus. The manifold placental changes at the end of pregnancy can be regarded as adaptive responses to protect the fetus from diabetes and obesity. The causal role of the placenta, if any, in mediating long-term effects on offspring development is an important area of current and future research.
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