Journal
NEUROTOXICOLOGY
Volume 75, Issue -, Pages 116-122Publisher
ELSEVIER
DOI: 10.1016/j.neuro.2019.09.009
Keywords
Propionic acid; Mitochondria; Notch signaling; Neuronal cells
Categories
Funding
- National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) - Korea government, MSIP [NRF-2014R1A2A1A11053289]
- MOE [2017R1D1A3B03033533]
- KBRI basic research program through Korea Brain Research Institute - Ministry of Science and ICT [19-BR-01-08]
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Studies in animal models have shown that the short-chain fatty acid, propionic acid (PPA), interferes with mitochondrial metabolism leading to mitochondrial dysfunction and behavioral abnormalities. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of PPA on mitochondrial function and gene expression in neuronal cells. SH-SY5Y cells and normal human neural progenitor (NHNP) cells were exposed to 1, 5 mM PPA for 4 or 24 h and we found that the mitochondrial potential measured in SH-SY5Y cells decreased in a dose-dependent manner after PPA treatment. Electron microscopy analysis revealed that the size of the mitochondria was significantly reduced following PPA treatment. A dose-dependent increase in the mitochondrial DNA copy number was observed in the PPA-treated cells. The expression of the mitochondrial biogenesis-related proteins PGC-1 alpha, TFAM, SIRT3, and COX4 was significantly increased after PPA treatment. Transcriptome analysis revealed that mRNA expression in the notch signaling-related genes ASCL1 and LFNG changed after PPA treatment and the positive correlated protein expression changes were also observed. These results revealed that PPA treatment may affect neuro-development by altering mitochondrial function and notch signaling-related gene expression.
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