Journal
NEUROSCIENCE LETTERS
Volume 717, Issue -, Pages -Publisher
ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2019.134673
Keywords
Oligodendrocytes; Oligodendrocyte progenitor cells; Myelination; Mechanobiolgy; Mechanotransduction; Brain mechanics
Categories
Funding
- National Institutes of Health, USA [5-R21-NS102762-02]
- National Research Foundation-Prime Minister's office, Republic of Singapore under its Campus for Research Excellence and Technological Enterprise (CREATE) program, through Singapore-MIT Alliance for Research and Technology Centre (SMART): BioSystems and Mi
- National Research Foundation-Prime Minister's office, Republic of Singapore under its Campus for Research Excellence and Technological Enterprise (CREATE) program, through Singapore-MIT Alliance for Research and Technology Centre (SMART): Critical Analytic
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Oligodendrocytes (OL) are a subset of glial cells in the central nervous system (CNS) comprising the brain and spinal cord. The CNS environment is defined by complex biochemical and biophysical cues during development and response to injury or disease. In the last decade, significant progress has been made in understanding some of the key biophysical factors in the CNS that modulate OL biology, including their key role in myelination of neurons. Taken together, those studies offer translational implications for remyelination therapies, pharmacological research, identification of novel drug targets, and improvements in methods to generate human oligodendrocyte progenitor cells (OPCs) and OLs from donor stem cells in vitro. This review summarizes current knowledge of how various physical and mechanical cues affect OL biology and its implications for disease, therapeutic approaches, and generation of human OPCs and OLs.
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