Journal
NATURE PHYSICS
Volume 16, Issue 4, Pages 426-+Publisher
NATURE PORTFOLIO
DOI: 10.1038/s41567-020-0791-2
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Funding
- National Science Foundation [DMS-1829826]
- National Institutes of Health Centers of Biomedical Research Excellence Award [1P20 GM125498-01]
- Northeastern University
- James S. McDonnell Postdoctoral Fellowship
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From 'fake news' to innovative technologies, many contagions spread as complex contagions via a process of social reinforcement, where multiple exposures are distinct from prolonged exposure to a single source(1). Contrarily, biological agents such as Ebola or measles are typically thought to spread as simple contagions(2). Here, we demonstrate that these different spreading mechanisms can have indistinguishable population-level dynamics once multiple contagions interact. In the social context, our results highlight the challenge of identifying and quantifying spreading mechanisms, such as social reinforcement(3), in a world where an innumerable number of ideas, memes and behaviours interact. In the biological context, this parallel allows the use of complex contagions to effectively quantify the non-trivial interactions of infectious diseases. Knowledge of the spreading mechanisms of contagions is important for understanding a range of epidemiological and social problems. A study now shows that so-called simple and complex contagions cannot be told apart if there is more than one simple contagion traversing the population at the same time.
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