Reconfigurable graphene antenna for THz applications: a mode conversion approach

A reconfigurable graphene antenna is designed and numerically analyzed. The antenna structure contains a radiating graphene patch and non-radiating graphene ring. The operating frequency of the antenna can be tuned by applying the gate voltage on the graphene patch. This proximity coupled antenna structure operates with the mode. In this configuration, the field is distributed in the form of horizontal magnetic dipole. The application of gate voltage at the periphery of graphene ring converts the field configuration to the form of the vertical electric dipole. Thus, the mode of operation of the antenna is changed to Consequently, the radiation pattern of the antenna can be steered in different directions as per the location of the applied gate voltage at the periphery of the graphene ring.