Journal
NANOTECHNOLOGY
Volume 31, Issue 16, Pages -Publisher
IOP PUBLISHING LTD
DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ab668a
Keywords
graphene; field effect transistor; gas detection; fullerene; heterojunction junction
Funding
- National Science Foundation of China [31872901]
- National Key R&D Program of China [2016YFA0501602]
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A gas sensor made from graphene vertical field effect transistor (VGr-FET) has been fabricated using graphene as the source electrode, C-60 thin film as the semiconductor layer and aluminum thin film as the drain electrode. The on/off ratio of transistor gated by bottom electrode with ionic liquid gel as dielectric layer is derived to be 10(3) from measured source-drain current I-ds. The apparent energy barrier height between the graphene and polycrystalline fullerene was calculated from the model of heterojunction diode I-V response curves. The barrier height phi(BH) was altered by the gating potential vertically applied on graphene sheet, resulting the large on/off ratio of the transistor. The effect of surface adsorption of water vapor, oxygen, ammonia and isoprene gas phase molecules on the I-ds was measured. The lower limit of detection (LOD) for ammonia (86 ppb) than that of isoprene (420 ppb) is attributed to the donor nature of ammonia contact with p-type graphene, and the adsorbed donor leads to a corresponding positive gating effect to the VGr-FET. This facile, low cost and quick responsive device shows promise for early diagnose of severe human respiratory diseases.
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