Journal
MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY
Volume 492, Issue 1, Pages 572-588Publisher
OXFORD UNIV PRESS
DOI: 10.1093/mnras/stz3361
Keywords
planet-star interactions; protoplanetary discs; binaries: visual; stars: variables: T Tauri, Herbig Ae/Be
Categories
Funding
- National Science Foundation (NSF) [AST-1518332]
- National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) [NNX15AC89G, NNH18ZDA001N/EW]
- NASA [NNX15AD95G/NEXSS, NAS5-26555]
- UK Science and Technology Research Council (STFC)
- NASA through the Exoplanets Research programme [15XRP15 20140]
- Royal Society
- NASA Science Mission directorate
- W. M. Keck Foundation
- STFC [ST/S000623/1] Funding Source: UKRI
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Dippers are a common class of young variable star exhibiting day-long dimmings with depths of up to several tens of per cent. A standard explanation is that dippers host nearly edge-on (i(d) approximate to 70 degrees) protoplanetary discs that allow close-in (<1 au) dust lifted slightly out of the mid-plane to partially occult the star. The identification of a face-on dipper disc and growing evidence of inner disc misalignments brings this scenario into question. Thus, we uniformly (re)derive the inclinations of 24 dipper discs resolved with (sub-)mm interferometry from ALMA. We find that dipper disc inclinations are consistent with an isotropic distribution over i(d) approximate to 0-75 degrees, above which the occurrence rate declines (likely an observational selection effect due to optically thick disc mid-planes blocking their host stars). These findings indicate that the dipper phenomenon is unrelated to the outer (>10 au) disc resolved by ALMA and that inner disc misalignments may be common during the protoplanetary phase. More than one mechanism may contribute to the dipper phenomenon, including accretion-driven warps and 'broken' discs caused by inclined (sub-)stellar or planetary companions.
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