Effect of synthesis route on the structural and morphological properties of WO3 nanostructures

Tungsten trioxide (WO3) nanostructures were synthesized by using sol-gel and hydrothermal methods from sodium tungstate dihydrate as a precursor material. The effect of preparation method and calcination/synthesis temperature on the structural and morphological properties of the product was investigated. The samples were characterized by X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), and Raman scattering spectroscopy. The results verified the growth of plate-like and rod-like WO3 nanostructures in which the synthesis method was a key parameter controlling the morphology of the nanostructures. The crystalline structure of the product was changed via the calcination or increasing hydrothermal temperature. Finally, the growth mechanisms of WO3 nanostructures prepared by sol-gel and hydrothermal methods were discussed.