Journal
MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN
Volume 150, Issue -, Pages -Publisher
PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2019.110635
Keywords
Marine aquaculture; Elemental sulfur; Sulfate reduction; Acid volatile sulfide; Chromium reducible sulfur; Benthic nutrient flux
Funding
- National Institute of Fisheries Science [R2020049]
- Korean Long-term Marine Ecological Research (K-LTMER) program titled Long-term Change of Structure and Function in Marine Ecosystems - Korean Ministry of Oceans and Fisheries
- National Research Foundation (NRF) - Korean Ministry of Science and ICT [NRF-2018R1A2B2006340]
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We conducted experiments to investigate the effects of finfish aquaculture and to propose appropriate proxies for assessing their environmental impact. Due to enhanced fish feed input, sulfate reduction (SR) and the resulting metabolic products (H2S, NH4+, PO43-) were significantly greater at the farm than at the control site. Benthic release of dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN) and phosphorus (DIP) from farm sediment accounted for 52-837% and 926-1048%, respectively, of the potential DIN and DIP demand for phytoplankton production. The results suggest that excess organic loading in fish farms induces deleterious eutrophication and algal blooms in coastal ecosystems via benthic-pelagic coupling. Direct SR measurement provided the most useful information of all the parameters on organic contamination in fish farms. However, given its abundance, relatively lower chemical reactivity and relative ease of analysis, elemental sulfur was regarded as the most appropriate proxy for assessing the environmental impacts of finfish aquaculture.
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