Journal
MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN
Volume 150, Issue -, Pages -Publisher
PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2019.110789
Keywords
Lipophilic marine algal toxins; Seawater; Phytoplankton; Laizhou Bay
Funding
- Basic Scientific Fund for National Public Research Institutes of China [2018Q08]
- Science & Technology Basic Resources Investigation Program of China [2018FY100200]
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [41806121, U1706217]
- Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province [ZR2018BD027]
- Youth Talent Support Program of the Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao) [LMEES-YTSP-2018-03-01]
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The composition, distribution, origin, and influencing factors of lipophilic marine algal toxins (LMATs) in surface seawater and phytoplankton in Laizhou Bay, China, were comprehensively investigated for the first time. Okadaic acid (OA), pectenotoxin-2 (PTX2), dinophysistoxin-1 (DTX1), dinophysistoxin-2 (DTX2), and pectenotoxin-2 seco acid (PTX2 SA) were discovered in surface seawater, whereas PTX2, OA, 7-epi-PTX-2 SA, DTX1, PTX2 SA, PTX11, and DTX2 were found in phytoplankton in a decreasing concentration order. Sigma LMAT concentrations in seawater and phytoplankton were 1.08-35.66 ng/L (mean: 7.31 ng/L) and 0-3609.75 ng/L (mean: 191.38 ng/L), respectively. LMAT contents in seawater and phytoplankton exhibited the highest levels in the southeastern mouth of Laizhou Bay and decreased toward the inner and outer bays. Dinophysis fortii, D. acuminata, D. rotundata, Procentrum lima, and P. minimum were identified as the potential origins of LMATs in Laizhou Bay. Moreover, increased nutrient level and decreased pH in seawater could increase LMAT content.
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