Unsteady heat transfer in colloidal suspension containing hybrid nanostructures

Theoretical investigation about the role of hybrid nanoparticles to enhance the effective thermal conductivity of working micropolar fluid over a non-uniformly moving surface having non-uniform temperature and exposed to non-uniformly magnetic field is carried out. Additional conservation law of angular momentum is used to study the dynamics of microrotation field in the presence of hybrid nanoparticles. It is observed that rise in vortex viscosity causes a remarkable rise in microrotation velocity. However, opposite trend is noted for the case of macro-velocity. The vortex viscosity and spin gradient viscosity both have significant effects on temperature, and an increase in a vortex and spin gradient viscosities results in a significant decrease in temperature. It is also noted that impact of vortex and spin gradient viscosities on the temperature of a micropolar mixture containing only copper particles is less than the impact of the vortex and spin gradient viscosities on the temperature of a micropolar mixture containing Cu and Al2O3.

Automated summary

Theoretical investigation on the use of hybrid nanoparticles to enhance the effective thermal conductivity of micropolar fluids over a non-uniformly moving surface exposed to a non-uniform magnetic field is conducted. The study shows that an increase in vortex viscosity leads to a rise in microrotation velocity but a decrease in macro-velocity. Both vortex viscosity and spin gradient viscosity have a significant impact on temperature, with higher viscosities resulting in lower temperatures. Furthermore, the effect of these viscosities on temperature is more pronounced in micropolar mixtures containing Cu and Al2O3 compared to those containing only copper particles.