Journal
JOURNAL OF MEMBRANE SCIENCE
Volume 591, Issue -, Pages -Publisher
ELSEVIER
DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2019.117317
Keywords
Lithium recovery; Water lithium resources; Membrane-based technology; Hybrid membrane process; Techno-economic evaluation
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Funding
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [21878230, 51608361]
- Tianjin Science and Technology Planning Project [18PTZWHZ00210]
- Innovative Team in university of Ministry of Education of China [IRT-17R80]
- State Key Laboratory of Separation Membranes and Membrane Processes (Tianjin Polytechnic University, China) [M3-201601, M3-201701]
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Lithium production has become increasingly critical for sustainable development. The extraction of lithium from aqueous sources, particularly salt-lake brine, has become a trend in the lithium recovery industry because of its low cost and abundant reserves. Among various technologies applied for lithium recovery, membrane processes driven by pressure, electrical field, and thermal gradient have received considerable attention in the past few decades because of their high energy efficiency and low environmental impact. This paper presents a comprehensive review of the advantages and challenges of the current membrane-based technologies applied to the recovery of a water lithium resource. Here, we highlight that the combination of membrane processes (e.g. nanofiltration, selective electrodialysis, and membrane distillation crystallization) with a conventional lithium precipitation process will lead to higher performance efficiency and lower cost. Although the membrane-based separation technology is technically feasible, it is restricted by its high capital and operating costs. Therefore, the future development of membrane-based technologies should include efforts for the improvement of the separation efficiency, material stability, and some engineering aspects such as membrane fouling control, module design, and process optimisation.
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