Journal
BRITISH JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY
Volume 209, Issue 4, Pages 296-301Publisher
CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS
DOI: 10.1192/bjp.bp.114.159558
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Funding
- Ellison Medical Foundation
- Swedish Research Council [K2012-70X-15428-08-3, 2012-2378]
- Swedish Research Council for Health, Working Life and Welfare (in Swedish: Forte) [2013-1836]
- ALF from Region Skane
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Background Criminal offending is strongly transmitted across generations. Aims To clarify the contribution of rearing environment to cross generational transmission of crime. Method Using Swedish national registries, we identified 1176 full sibling and 3085 half-sibling sets from high-risk families where at least one sibling was adopted and the other raised by the biological parents. Results Risk for criminal conviction was substantially lower in the full and half-siblings who were adopted v. home-reared (hazard ratios (HR)=0.56, 95% CI 0.50-0.64 and 0.60, 95% CI 0.56-0.65, respectively). The protective effect of adoption was significantly stronger in sibships with two v. one high-risk parent. Conclusions Using matched high-risk lull- and half-siblings, we found replicated evidence that (a) rearing environment has a strong impact on risk for criminal conviction, (b) high-quality rearing environments have especially strong effects in those at high familial risk for criminal offending and (c) the protective effects of adoption are stronger for more severe crimes and for repeated offending.
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