Journal
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL INVESTIGATION
Volume 130, Issue 3, Pages 1301-1314Publisher
AMER SOC CLINICAL INVESTIGATION INC
DOI: 10.1172/JCI128368
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Funding
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute [HL071643, HL076139, HL132454]
- KAKENHI from the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science [24112002]
- National Cancer Institute (NCI) Cancer Center Support Grant [CA060553]
- NIH [1S10OD011996-01]
- NCI [P30-CA060553]
- Northwestern University's Center for Advanced Microscopy
- Cancer Center Support Grant [NCI CA060553]
- Northwestern University Flow Cytometry Core Facility
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Influenza A virus (IAV) is among the most common causes of pneumonia-related death worldwide. Pulmonary epithelial cells are the primary target for viral infection and replication and respond by releasing inflammatory mediators that recruit immune cells to mount the host response. Severe lung injury and death during IAV infection result from an exuberant host inflammatory response. The linear ubiquitin assembly complex (LUBAC), composed of SHARPIN, HOIL-1L, and HOIP, is a critical regulator of NF-kappa B-dependent inflammation. Using mice with lung epithelial-specific deletions of HOIL-1L or HOIP in a model of IAV infection, we provided evidence that, while a reduction in the inflammatory response was beneficial, ablation of the LUBAC-dependent lung epithelial-driven response worsened lung injury and increased mortality. Moreover, we described a mechanism for the upregulation of HOIL-1L in infected and noninfected cells triggered by the activation of type I IFN receptor and mediated by IRF1, which was maladaptive and contributed to hyperinflammation. Thus, we propose that lung epithelial LUBAC acts as a molecular rheostat that could be selectively targeted to modulate the immune response in patients with severe IAV-induced pneumonia.
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