Journal
IONICS
Volume 26, Issue 5, Pages 2395-2403Publisher
SPRINGER HEIDELBERG
DOI: 10.1007/s11581-019-03389-4
Keywords
Metal-organic frameworks; Bismuth-carbon nano-texture composites; Aqueous chloride ion electrode material; Chloride ion battery
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Aqueous rechargeable batteries have been a hot research topic due to their high conductivity, low cost, and operational safety. Bismuth is deemed as a kind of promising anode material owing to its suitable negative working window and highly reversible redox reaction in aqueous chloride ion battery; however, it exhibits poor stability and volume expansion when oxidized to BiOCl during electrochemical process. Herein, we present a novel synthesized method of bismuth metal nanoparticles through the thermal reduction of Bi-MOF under hydrogen atmosphere. The Bi-particles with ~ 100 nm size are uniformly coated with a layer of carbon film. The aqueous chloride ion battery system consists of the synthesized bismuth as the anode, AgCl as the cathode, and 1 M NaCl (pH = 2) as the electrolyte. After 200 cycles, the specific capacity is 87.9 mAh g(-1) at the current density of 400 mA g(-1). After 1000 cycles, a durable specific capacity of 51.8 mAh g(-1) was achieved under the current density of 1200 mA g(-1) and the coulombic efficiency is above 99%. The electrochemical mechanism was further investigated by X-ray diffraction. The current work will be significant for the chloride ion energy storage and battery desalination.
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