Tubeimoside I suppresses diabetes-induced bone loss in rats, osteoclast formation, and RANKL-induced nuclear factor-κB pathway

Type 2 diabetes mellitus is often companied with osteoporosis, a process which involves osteoclast activation. In this study, we found tubeimoside I, a natural compound isolated from the Chinese medicinal herb Bolbostemma paniculatum (Maxim) Franquet (Cucurbitaceae), significantly ameliorated the decrease of bone mass in type 2 diabetes-induced osteoporosis in rats. It appears that tubeimoside I exerts this protecting effect through inhibiting osteoclast formation and function. Futhermore, our study showed that tubeimoside I inhibits NF-kappa B transcriptional activation and degradation of I kappa B alpha. Collectively, our results reveal that tubeimoside I attenuates osteoclastogenesis through down-regulating NF-kappa B signaling pathway, and is a potential candidate for the treatment of bone-destructive diseases like type 2 diabetic osteoporosis.