Journal
INFECTION AND IMMUNITY
Volume 88, Issue 3, Pages -Publisher
AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY
DOI: 10.1128/IAI.00711-19
Keywords
human immunology; NK cells; malaria
Categories
Funding
- Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health
- NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF ALLERGY AND INFECTIOUS DISEASES [ZIAAI001155, ZIAAI001238] Funding Source: NIH RePORTER
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Natural killer (NK) cells are key effector cells of innate resistance capable of destroying tumors and virus-infected cells through cytotoxicity and rapid cytokine production. The control of NK cell responses is complex and only partially understood. PD-1 is an inhibitory receptor that regulates T cell function, but a role for PD-1 in regulating NK cell function is only beginning to emerge. Here, we investigated PD-1 expression on NK cells in children and adults in Mali in a longitudinal analysis before, during, and after infection with Plasmodium falciparum malaria. We found that NK cells transiently upregulate PD-1 expression and interleukin-6 (IL-6) production in some individuals during acute febrile malaria. Furthermore, the percentage of PD-1 expressing NK cells increases with age and cumulative malaria exposure. Consistent with this, NK cells of malaria-naive adults upregulated PD-1 following P. fakiparum stimulation in vitro. Additionally, functional in vitro studies revealed that PD-1 expression on NK cells is associated with diminished natural cytotoxicity but enhanced antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC). These data indicate that PD-1 - NK cells expand in the context of chronic immune activation and suggest that PD-1 may contribute to skewing NK cells toward enhanced ADCC during infections such as malaria.
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