Journal
INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS
Volume 145, Issue -, Pages -Publisher
ELSEVIER
DOI: 10.1016/j.indcrop.2020.112152
Keywords
Lignin; Microwave processing; Fractionation; Degradation; Extraction
Categories
Funding
- Karl Erik onnesjo's foundation
- Swedish Research Council, VR [2018-03451]
- China Scholarship Council (CSC)
- Swedish Research Council [2018-03451] Funding Source: Swedish Research Council
- Vinnova [2018-03451] Funding Source: Vinnova
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Functional narrow-dispersity kraft lignin oligomers in high-yields were produced by a combined microwave-assisted extraction/degradation process. The process took place under mild non-catalytic conditions, in green solvents, and moderate temperatures (80 -160 degrees C). High yields, i.e., 63 % and 64 %, of lignin oligomers with narrow dispersity were obtained after only 40 min microwave processing in methanol and ethanol, respectively. The ethanol-soluble yield increased substantially after microwave processing as compared to samples extracted by liquid-solid solvent-extraction. This increase was mainly ascribed to the cleavage of beta-O-4 linkages, as indicated by semiquantitative 2D-HSQC NMR. Under the corresponding conditions in methanol, the yields after microwave processing were similar to those obtained by liquid-solid solvent-extraction. The difference is likely ascribed to the different reactivities of the solvents as O-alkylation agents. Furthermore, the obtained lignin fractions had high functionality, as shown by hydroxyl-group quantification through P-31-NMR. This, along with the narrow dispersity and rich aromatic structure, makes these oligomers interesting precursors for future thermoset syntheses.
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