Frequency regulation of multiple asynchronous grids using adaptive droop in high-voltage direct current system

Frequency stability control in multiple asynchronous grids is a challenging and complex issue. An adaptive droop control strategy to improve the frequency regulation of asynchronous AC areas connected by a multi-terminal DC grid is proposed here. The droop coefficients are adjusted to share the active power adaptively among multiple asynchronous AC grids based on the characteristics of frequency deviation and rate of change of frequency. This results in a cogent allocation of imbalance power in multiple asynchronous grids from the frequency variation perspective. The performance of the proposed scheme is evaluated in a modified multi-machine power system using DIgSILENT Power Factory. Simulation results under significant frequency disturbances caused by credible contingencies are presented to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach. It is found that the proposed adaptive control ensures an excellent and robust frequency response under different operative conditions.