Journal
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING
Volume 58, Issue 1, Pages 546-566Publisher
IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
DOI: 10.1109/TGRS.2019.2937965
Keywords
High-resolution range profile (HRRP); inverse synthetic aperture radar (ISAR); phase-coded waveforms; sparse stepped linear frequency modulation waveform (SSLFMW) optimization
Categories
Funding
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [61771372, 61771367]
- Fund for Foreign Scholar in University Research and Teaching Programs (111 Project) [B18039]
- National Outstanding Youth Science Fund Project [61525105]
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The stepped-frequency waveform is usually used to synthesize a wideband signal in the radar imaging system. To reduce the amount of data and coherent pulse intervals (CPIs), as well as to improve antijamming abilities, the sparse stepped frequency is employed in the area of inverse synthetic aperture radar (ISAR) imaging. Nevertheless, the traditional sparse stepped linear frequency modulation waveform (SSLFMW) has a shortage of high grating lobes caused by missing frequency bands, resulting in a degradation of the ISAR imaging quality. Many methods have been proposed to reduce the effect of grating lobes by echo signal processing. However, the method of grating lobe reduction is rarely studied from the aspect of waveform optimization. In this article, a novel SSLFMW with the low grating lobes in the ISAR imaging system is proposed. By deriving the autocorrelation function (ACF), the relation between grating lobes and waveform parameters, including stepped-frequency and phase-coded elements, is established. An optimization method based on alternate iteration is designed to optimize waveform parameters and reduce grating lobes. Based on this optimized SSLFMW, we establish an ISAR imaging framework with the compressive sensing (CS) theory. Finally, the experiments are designed to show that the optimized SSLFMW has lower grating lobes. Both simulated and real measured data are used to prove that the optimized waveform has a better performance in the high-resolution range profile (HRRP) synthesis and ISAR imaging compared with the traditional SSLFMW.
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