Journal
BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
Volume 190, Issue -, Pages 442-450Publisher
ELSEVIER SCI LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2015.02.055
Keywords
Oil palm shell; Coconut activated carbon; Microwave assisted pyrolysis; Bio-oil; Optimization and characterization
Funding
- Ministry of Higher Education Malaysia
- Universiti Teknologi Malaysia [Q.J.130000.2524.01H03, Q.J.130000.2544.04H68]
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In this study, solid oil palm shell (OPS) waste biomass was subjected to microwave pyrolysis conditions with uniformly distributed coconut activated carbon (CAC) microwave absorber. The effects of CAC loading (wt%), microwave power (W) and N-2 flow rate (LPM) were investigated on heating profile, bio-oil yield and its composition. Response surface methodology based on central composite design was used to study the significance of process parameters on bio-oil yield. The coefficient of determination (R-2) for the bio-oil yield is 0.89017 indicating 89.017% of data variability is accounted to the model. The largest effect on bio-oil yield is from linear and quadratic terms of N-2 flow rate. The phenol content in bio-oil is 32.24-58.09% GC-MS area. The bio-oil also contain 1,1-dimethyl hydrazine of 10.54-21.20% GC-MS area. The presence of phenol and 1,1-dimethyl hydrazine implies that the microwave pyrolysis of OPS with carbon absorber has the potential to produce valuable fuel products. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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