Journal
GENES & GENETIC SYSTEMS
Volume 94, Issue 6, Pages 253-267Publisher
GENETICS SOC JAPAN
DOI: 10.1266/ggs.18-00049
Keywords
endogenous viral element; evolution; retrotransposon
Funding
- Cross-sectoral Research Platform Development Program 2016 of Kyoto University
- Hakubi Project of Kyoto University
- Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT) of Japan [17H05821]
- JSPS KAKENHI for Challenging Research (Exploratory) [18K19443]
- Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research [17H05821, 18K19443] Funding Source: KAKEN
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Riboviruses are viruses that have RNA genomes and replicate only via RNA intermediates. Although they do not require a DNA phase for replication and do not encode reverse transcriptase, the presence of DNA forms of riboviral sequences in ribovirus-infected cells has been reported since the 1970s. Additionally, heritable ribovirus-derived sequences, called riboviral endogenous viral elements (EVEs), have been found in the genomes of many eukaryotes. These are now thought to be formed by the reverse transcription machineries of retrotransposons within eukaryotic genomes sometimes referred to as selfish elements. Surprisingly, some reverse-transcribed riboviral DNAs (including EVEs) provide physiological functions for their hosts, suggesting the occurrence of novel interactions among eukaryotic genomes, retrotransposons and riboviruses, and opening the door to new avenues of investigation. Here I review current knowledge on these triangular interactions, and discuss future directions in this field.
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