Journal
GENES & DEVELOPMENT
Volume 34, Issue 5-6, Pages 341-359Publisher
COLD SPRING HARBOR LAB PRESS, PUBLICATIONS DEPT
DOI: 10.1101/gad.334425.119
Keywords
ADP-ribosylation; PARP; atherosclerosis; host-pathogen interactions; immunity; inflammation; macrophage; vascular disease
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Funding
- National Institutes of Health [CoBRE P20 GM113117-02, K22 AI134993-01, R01 HL126901]
- Kowa Company, Ltd.
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Poly-adenosine diphosphate-ribose polymerases (PARPs) promote ADP-ribosylation, a highly conserved, fundamental posttranslational modification (PTM). PARP catalytic domains transfer the ADP-ribose moiety from NAD(+) to amino acid residues of target proteins, leading to monoor poly-ADP-ribosylation (MARylation or PARylation). This PTM regulates various key biological and pathological processes. In this review, we focus on the roles of the PARP family members in inflammation and host-pathogen interactions. Here we give an overview the current understanding of the mechanisms by which PARPs promote or suppress proinflammatory activation of macrophages, and various roles PARPs play in virus infections. We also demonstrate how innovative technologies, such as proteomics and systems biology, help to advance this research field and describe unanswered questions.
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