Journal
DYES AND PIGMENTS
Volume 172, Issue -, Pages -Publisher
ELSEVIER SCI LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.dyepig.2019.107786
Keywords
Cruciform; Carbazole; Intramolecular charge-transfer; Aggregation-induced emission; Mechanofluorochromism
Funding
- National Natural Science Foundation of China (NNSFC) [21662028, 21362027]
- Project of Qinghai Science & Technology Department [2018-HZ-817, 2016-ZJ-Y01]
- Open Project of State Key Laboratory of Plateau Ecology and Agriculture, Qinghai University [2018-ZZ-4]
- Qinghai Province High-end Innovative Thousand Talents Plan (2017)
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New D-A type cruciform luminophore TFMB-CBCEB bearing electron-donor carbazole unit and electron-acceptor dicyanovinylbenzene segment was designed and prepared. The results show that the emission wavelengths of TFMB-CBCEB are strongly affected by solvent polarity, indicating intramolecular charge-transfer (ICT) transitions. Interestingly, TFMB-CBCEB exhibits alpha(AIE) behavior with high a mE of 405 and high solid-state luminescence efficiency of up to 0.810. Moreover, TFMB-CBCEB shows remarkable mechanofluorochromic (MFC) properties. When the as-prepared samples are subjected to grinding, the emission of TFMB-CBCEB redshifts by 32 nm from the blue regions (lambda(max) = 566 nm) to the orange regions (lambda(max) = 598 nm). The changes of fluorescence emission induced by grinding can be restored by solvent-fuming and regenerated by grinding, suggesting excellent reversibility in the switching processes. PXRD analysis revealed that the MFC mechanism of TFMB-CBCEB attributed to the crystalline-amorphous phase transformation between the original and ground states. Meanwhile, the red-shift in the PL spectra upon grinding comes from the extension in molecular conjugation caused by planarization of molecular conformation and subsequent planar intramolecular charge transfer (PICT) process.
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