Journal
CURRENT OPINION IN ANESTHESIOLOGY
Volume 33, Issue 2, Pages 240-245Publisher
LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS
DOI: 10.1097/ACO.0000000000000825
Keywords
ferroptosis; homeostasis; iron; trauma
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Funding
- NIH [R01 DK072166, R37 DK054488, DK110049]
- German Research Foundation (Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft) [STE 1895/4-2]
- Innovative Medical Research (Innovative Medizinische Forschung) of the Medical Faculty, University of Muenster, Muenster, Germany [IMF 121617, IMF 221810, IMF 211901]
- Pharmacosmos, Denmark
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Purpose of review This review summarizes recent basic science studies on homeostasis of iron, an essential dietary nutrient and potentially toxic metal, and explores the relevance of these studies to our understanding of trauma and related severe, acute events. Recent findings Recent studies in experimental models of iron homeostasis have added to our understanding of how iron levels are regulated in the body and how iron levels and iron-dependent biological processes contribute to trauma and related events. Iron deficiency, a common nutritional disorder, can impair critical organ function and wound and injury repair. Iron excess, typically because of genetic defects, can cause toxicity to tissues and, like iron deficiency, impair wound and injury repair. Finally, pharmacologic inhibition of ferroptosis, a novel form of iron-dependent cell death, is beneficial in animal models of cardiac, hepatic, and intestinal injury and intracerebral hemorrhage, suggesting that ferroptosis inhibitors could serve as novel therapeutic agents for trauma and related events. Perturbations in iron homeostasis can contribute significantly to an individual's predisposition to trauma and their ability to recover posttrauma, whereas pharmacologic targeting of ferroptosis may attenuate severity of trauma-induced organ dysfunction.
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