Journal
BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
Volume 192, Issue -, Pages 756-764Publisher
ELSEVIER SCI LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2015.06.044
Keywords
Anammox; Antibiotic resistance; Inhibition; Extracellular polymeric substances; Acclimatization
Funding
- National Key Technologies R&D Program of China [2012BAC13B02]
- Natural Science Foundation of China [51278162]
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Three broad-spectrum antibiotics, amoxicillin (AMX), florfenicol (FF) and sulfamethazine (SMZ), that inhibit bacteria via different target sites, were selected to evaluate the acute toxicity and long-term effects on anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) granules. The specific anammox activity (SAA) levels reduced by approximately half within the first 3 days in the presence of antibiotics but no nitrite accumulation was observed in continuous-flow experiments. However, the SAA levels and heme c content gradually recovered as the antibiotic concentrations increased. Extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) analysis suggested that anaerobic ammonium-oxidizing bacteria gradually developed a better survival strategy during long-term acclimatization, which reduced the antibiotic stress via increased EPS secretion that provided a protective 'cocoon.' In terms of nitrogen removal efficiency, anammox granules could resist 60 mg-AMX L-1, 10 mg-FF L-1 and 100 mg-SMZ L-1. This study supported the feasibility of using anammox granules to treat antibiotic-containing wastewater. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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