A critical state-of-the-art review of durability and functionality of open-graded friction course mixtures

During the last few years, the use of Open-Graded Friction Course (OGFC) as a wearing surface material has gained a great concern due to the various benefits in terms of safety, economy, and environment. This paper reviewed the state-of-the-art research of OGFC, and the emphasis was laid on durability and functionality. By addressing the issues of durability, a mapping from materials to durability was established, which was beneficial in prolonging the lifespan. By discussing the issues of durability and noise-reduction, the internal mechanisms of OGFCs' functionality can be identified, so that the functional effectiveness of OGFCs could be better maintained. Cost-benefit analysis of the application of OGFC was also summarized. Besides, the current and future challenges were identified to enhance the performance of OGFC to facilitate the widespread use. Due to the extensive benefits of OGFC pavements, there exists an expansive scope for further research to promote the understanding of the material better, which will make it a promising sustainable pavement material in future. (C) 2019 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.