Journal
COMPREHENSIVE REVIEWS IN FOOD SCIENCE AND FOOD SAFETY
Volume 19, Issue 2, Pages 895-926Publisher
WILEY
DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.12545
Keywords
biological degradation; deoxynivalenol; food processing; masked forms; RNA interference
Categories
Funding
- Synergistic Innovation Center of Food Safety and Nutrition
- National First-class Discipline Program of Food Science and Technology [JUFSTR 20180303]
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [31772069]
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Deoxynivalenol (DON) has drawn global attention because of its prevalence and significant effects on human or animal health. Biological remedies for DON have been developed from preharvest to postharvest. Applying microbes, including bacteria, fungi (yeast and molds), and enzymes, results in inhibited synthesis, structural destruction, or adsorption of DON. DON can be degraded into masked forms by phase I metabolism or phase II metabolism. During food processing, DON content changes dynamically and is even transformed. Physical, chemical, thermal, or biological processes physically reduce DON content. Temperature, heating time, enzymes, food additives, microorganisms, food composition, contamination level, and other ingredients are key factors. Although DON content can be reduced during food processing, increases in other toxins, such as DON-3-beta-d-glucoside and 3-acetyl-DON, can be potentially risky. The application of biodegradation methods in food processing bears research significance. Both microorganisms and enzymes can be potentially used. Novel techniques, such as RNA interference, omics technologies, or enzymes coupled with the genetic engineering method, can be introduced. This review systematically updates the understanding of masked forms of DON, biological degradation strategy, fate of DON during processing, and future trends for biodegradation. Challenges to the successful application of biological methods may include the stability and suitability of the detoxification agents, security of degradation products, and successful application for industrial production.
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