Journal
CHEMOSPHERE
Volume 238, Issue -, Pages -Publisher
PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.124585
Keywords
Apoptosis; Cell degeneration; Epithelial cells; Insecticide; Non-target organism; Toxicity
Categories
Funding
- Brazilian institution Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico (CNPq)
- Brazilian institution Coordenacao de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nivel Superior-Brasil (CAPES) [001]
- Brazilian institution Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais (FAPEMIG)
- Brazilian institution Programa Cooperativo sobre Protecao Florestal/PROTEF do Institute de Pesquisas e Estudos Florestais/IPEF
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Broad-spectrum insecticides used in pest control are a risk for non-target insects. Their compatibility to the insecticide spinosad, used in agriculture and forestry as a biological control tool, needs to be evaluated. Podisus nigrispinus Dallas (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae) is a predatory bug used in the pest management of agricultural and forest systems where spinosad is also frequently applied. The aim of this study was to evaluate the toxicity, histopathology and cytotoxicity in midgut cells of P. nigrispinus exposed to spinosad. The toxicity test was performed to determine the lethal concentrations of spinosad after exposure by ingestion. The histopathology and cytotoxicity caused by spinosad were analyzed in the three midgut regions (anterior, middle and posterior) of P. nigrispinus during different exposure periods. Spinosad, at low concentrations, was toxic to P. nigrispinus [LC50 = 3.15 (3.02-3.26) mu g.L-1]. Cell degeneration features such as cytoplasm vacuolization, chromatin condensation and release of cell fragments to the midgut lumen were observed in this organ. Cell death via apoptosis was found in the three midgut regions of this predator after exposure to the insecticide. Spinosad is toxic to P. nigrispinus, and causes histological and cytological damage followed by cell death in the midgut, suggesting a dangerous effect on a beneficial non-target insect. (C) 2019 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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