Journal
CHEMOSPHERE
Volume 237, Issue -, Pages -Publisher
PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.124424
Keywords
Runoff pollution; Bioretention; Iron-modified biochar; Amended media; Nutrients
Categories
Funding
- National Program of Water Pollution Control [2012ZX07308-001-08]
- Program for Changjiang Scholars and Innovative Research Team in University [1RT0853]
- Shaanxi Innovative Research Team Program for Key Science and Technology
- Key Research and Development Program of Shaanxi Province [2018KWZ-11]
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [51808442]
- Natural Science Basic Research Plan of Shaanxi Province [2019JQ-529]
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Nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) removal in conventional bioretention systems is highly variable. Therefore, five novel experimental columns with different media configurations and constituents, and incorporating a saturated zone were developed and assessed to optimize the removal of N, P and other nutrients. Three types of media composed of the conventional mixed sand and soil media (T-1), biochar-amended media (T-2), and iron-coated biochar (ICB)-amended media (T-3) were evaluated. Two of the experimental columns were designed with double-layer configurations, while the other three were of a single-layer structure. Removal efficiencies of nutrients in the experimental columns were evaluated and compared using simulated runoff. Also, the effect of media depth on the retention of P and denitrifying enzyme activity (DEA) in the bioretention columns were evaluated. The experimental column only filled with T-3 showed the best performance for COD, ammonia (NH4-N) and total phosphorus (TP) removal (94.6%, 98.3% and 93.70%, respectively), whereas columns filled with T-2 performed poorly for TP removal (5736%). For the removal of nitrate (NO3-N) and total nitrogen (TN), the columns using a single-layer and only filled with either T-3 or T-2 exhibited the best performance (93% and 97% TN removal, respectively). Overall, this study demonstrates that our proposed single-layered bioretention cell only filled with T-3 and incorporating a saturated zone effectively improves the runoff quality, and can provide a new bioretention cell configuration for efficient stormwater treatment. (C) 2019 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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