Hyaluronic acid applications in ophthalmology, rheumatology, and dermatology

Hyaluronic acid (HA) is a natural polymer of the body capable of reaching high molecular weights leading to a plethora of properties. The physico-chemical properties enable the use of HA in various fields of medicine such as ophthalmology, rheumatology, and dermatology. In the treatment of dry eye disease, HA provides water retention and lubricant properties that challenge current treatment. For osteoarthritis, HA applies its lubricant as well as anti-inflammatory properties for treatment. Additionally, HA has been a long-standing ingredient in dermatology and cosmetics for its benefit in revitalizing the skin. This review explores HA's uses in the aforementioned applications.