Journal
BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
Volume 306, Issue -, Pages -Publisher
ELSEVIER SCI LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2020.123032
Keywords
Distillery wastewater treatment; High-rate anaerobic bioreactors; Anaerobic granular sludge; Next-generation sequencing; Whiskey spent wash; Granule size distribution
Funding
- Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan [MOST 107-2221-E-035004]
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Two full-scale high-rate bioreactors, i.e. external circulation sludge bed (ECSB) and expanded granular sludge bed (EGSB), were monitored for three years. Their performances for treating wastewater in a whiskey distillery were compared in terms of COD, pH, alkalinity and VFA. Even though feed flowrate highly fluctuated, COD removals of ECSB and EGSB were both excellent (95.7 +/- 1.3% and 94.8 +/- 3.0%, respectively). The influent and effluent characteristics of ECSB reactor were profiled and urea and urethane were also detected. High-strength properties of raw spent wash were exhibited in TOC, soluble COD and BOD5,20 degrees C of 13500, 37750, and 1950 mg.L-1, respectively and characterized by GC-MS. Anaerobic granular sludge sampled from different heights of ECSB reactor were fractionated for demonstrating vertical size distributions. Moreover, major species found by next-generation sequencing technique were archaea, i.e. Methanosaeta and Methanolinea, while major bacteria were Bacteroidetes with minor Nitrospiraceae. This metagenomic analysis provided an insight of anaerobic microbial consortium.
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