Journal
ARTERIOSCLEROSIS THROMBOSIS AND VASCULAR BIOLOGY
Volume 40, Issue 3, Pages 766-782Publisher
LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS
DOI: 10.1161/ATVBAHA.119.313715
Keywords
arterioles; mesenchymal stem cells; pericytes; pulmonary hypertension; vascular remodeling
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Funding
- French National Institute for Health and Medical Research (INSERM)
- University of Paris-Sud
- Universite Paris-Saclay
- Marie Lannelongue Hospital
- French National Agency for Research (ANR) [ANR-16-CE17-0014, ANR-15-CE14-0020]
- Fondation pour la Recherche Medicale (FRM) [DEQ20150331712]
- Departement Hospitalo-Universitaire (DHU) Thorax Innovation (TORINO)
- Assistance Publique-Hopitaux de Paris (AP-HP)
- Service de Pneumologie
- Centre de Reference de l'Hypertension Pulmonaire Severe
- LabEx LERMIT [ANR-10-LABX-0033]
- French PAH patient association (HTAP France)
- french Fonds de Dotation Recherche en Sante Respiratoire-(FRSR)Fondation du Souffle (FdS)
- investigator-sponsored study (ISS) grant from GlaxoSmithKline (GSK)
- FRM
- Ile-de-France Regional Council
- ARDoC 2018
- Agence Nationale de la Recherche (ANR) [ANR-16-CE17-0014] Funding Source: Agence Nationale de la Recherche (ANR)
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Objective: Excessive accumulation of resident cells within the pulmonary vascular wall represents the hallmark feature of the remodeling occurring in pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). Furthermore, we have previously demonstrated that pulmonary arterioles are excessively covered by pericytes in PAH, but this process is not fully understood. The aim of our study was to investigate the dynamic contribution of pericytes in PAH vascular remodeling. Approach and Results: In this study, we performed in situ, in vivo, and in vitro experiments. We isolated primary cultures of human pericytes from controls and PAH lung specimens then performed functional studies (cell migration, proliferation, and differentiation). In addition, to follow up pericyte number and fate, a genetic fate-mapping approach was used with an NG2CreER;mT/mG transgenic mice in a model of pulmonary arteriole muscularization occurring during chronic hypoxia. We identified phenotypic and functional abnormalities of PAH pericytes in vitro, as they overexpress CXCR (C-X-C motif chemokine receptor)-7 and TGF (transforming growth factor)-beta RII and, thereby, display a higher capacity to migrate, proliferate, and differentiate into smooth muscle-like cells than controls. In an in vivo model of chronic hypoxia, we found an early increase in pericyte number in a CXCL (C-X-C motif chemokine ligand)-12-dependent manner whereas later, from day 7, activation of the canonical TGF-beta signaling pathway induces pericytes to differentiate into smooth muscle-like cells. Conclusions: Our findings reveal a pivotal role of pulmonary pericytes in PAH and identify CXCR-7 and TGF-beta RII as 2 intrinsic abnormalities in these resident progenitor vascular cells that foster the onset and maintenance of PAH structural changes in blood lung vessels.
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