Journal
ARCHIVES OF BIOCHEMISTRY AND BIOPHYSICS
Volume 680, Issue -, Pages -Publisher
ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC
DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2019.108221
Keywords
Multiple sclerosis (MS); Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE); Spinal cord stiffness; Early nanomechanical signatures of EAE; Atomic force microscopy (AFM)
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Funding
- Jagiellonian University Medical College (Poland) [K/ZDS/002851]
- Malopolska Regional Operational Program, Measure 5.1 -Krakow Metropolitan Area as an important hub of the European Research Area for 2007-2013 [MRPO.05.01.00-12013/15]
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Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) is a commonly used mouse model of multiple sclerosis, a chronic inflammatory disease of the central nervous system (CNS) characterized by demyelination leading to brain and spinal cord malfunctions. We postulate that not only biological but also biomechanical properties play an important role in impairements of CNS function. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) was applied to investigate mechanical properties of spinal cords collected from EAE mice in preonset, onset, peak, and chronic disease phases. Biomechanical changes were compared with histopathological alterations observed in the successive phases. The deformability of gray matter did not change, while rigidity of white matter increased during the onset phase, remained at the same level in the peak phase and decreased in the chronic phase. Inflammatory infiltration and laminin content accompanied the tissue rigidity increase, whereas demyelination and axonal damage showed an opposite effect. The increase in white matter rigidity can be regarded as an early signature of EAE.
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