Journal
ANNUAL REVIEW OF PHARMACOLOGY AND TOXICOLOGY, VOL 60
Volume 60, Issue -, Pages 553-572Publisher
ANNUAL REVIEWS
DOI: 10.1146/annurev-pharmtox-010919-023245
Keywords
pluripotent stem cells; induced pluripotent stem cells; clinical grade; patch; cell therapy; retinal pigment epithelium; retinal degeneration
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Funding
- NEI IRP funds
- Common Fund Therapeutic Challenge Award
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Pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) are a potential replacement tissue source for degenerative diseases. Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a blinding disease triggered by degeneration of the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE), a monolayer tissue that functionally supports retinal photoreceptors. Recently published clinical and preclinical studies have tested PSC-derived RPE as a potential treatment for AMD. Multiple approaches have been used to manufacture RPE cells, to validate them functionally, to confirm their safety profile, and to deliver them to patients either as suspension or as a monolayer patch. Since most of these studies are at an early regulatory approval stage, the primary outcome has been to determine the safety of RPE transplants in patients. However, preliminary signs of efficacy were observed in a few patients. Here, we review the current progress in the PSC-derived RPE transplantation field and provide a comparative assessment of various approaches under development as potential therapeutics for AMD.
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