Journal
ADVANCED MATERIALS
Volume 32, Issue 11, Pages -Publisher
WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH
DOI: 10.1002/adma.201906493
Keywords
aggregation-induced emission luminogens; complex shape; fluorescence; simultaneous changes; stimuli-responsive hydrogels
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Funding
- National Science Foundation of China [21788102, 21490570, 21490574]
- Research Grant Council of Hong Kong [16308116, 16305618, C6009-17G]
- Science and Technology Plan of Shenzhen [JCYJ20160229205601482, JCY20170307173739739, JCYJ20170818113602462]
- Innovation and Technology Commission [ITC-CNERC149C01]
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Development of stimuli-responsive materials with complex practical functions is significant for achieving bioinspired artificial intelligence. It is challenging to fabricate stimuli-responsive hydrogels showing simultaneous changes in fluorescence color, brightness, and shape in response to a single stimulus. Herein, a bilayer hydrogel strategy is designed by utilizing an aggregation-induced emission luminogen, tetra-(4-pyridylphenyl)ethylene (TPE-4Py), to fabricate hydrogels with the above capabilities. Bilayer hydrogel actuators with the ionomer of poly(acrylamide-r-sodium 4-styrenesulfonate) (PAS) as a matrix of both active and passive layers and TPE-4Py as the core function element in the active layer are prepared. At acidic pH, the protonation of TPE-4Py leads to fluorescence color and brightness changes of the actuators and the electrostatic interactions between the protonated TPE-4Py and benzenesulfonate groups of the PAS chains in the active layer cause the actuators to deform. The proposed TPE-4Py/PAS-based bilayer hydrogel actuators with such responsiveness to stimulus provide insights in the design of intelligent systems and are highly attractive material candidates in the fields of 3D/4D printing, soft robots, and smart wearable devices.
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