Journal
ACTA PHARMACOLOGICA SINICA
Volume 41, Issue 8, Pages 1119-1132Publisher
NATURE PUBL GROUP
DOI: 10.1038/s41401-020-0376-8
Keywords
osteosarcoma; PEITC; redox system; iron metabolism; MAPK signaling pathway; cell death
Funding
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [81803032]
- Natural Science Foundation of Shaanxi Province [2019JQ632]
- Zhejiang Postdoctoral Science Fund
- Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities [3102017OQD111]
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Phenethyl isothiocyanate (PEITC) is an isothiocyanate that largely exists in cruciferous vegetables and exhibits chemopreventive and chemotherapeutic potential against various cancers. However, it is little known about the molecular mechanisms of its antitumor action against osteosarcoma, which is the second highest cause of cancer-related death in children and adolescents. In this study, we investigated the effects of PEITC on K7M2 murine osteosarcoma both in vitro and in vivo. We found that treatment with PEITC dose-dependently inhibited the viability of K7M2 murine osteosarcoma cells with an IC50 value of 33.49 mu M at 24 h. PEITC (1, 15, 30 mu M) dose-dependently inhibited the cell proliferation, caused G(2)/M cell cycle arrest, depleted glutathione (GSH), generated reactive oxygen species (ROS), altered iron metabolism, and triggered multiple forms of cell death, namely ferroptosis, apoptosis, and autophagy in K7M2 cells. We further revealed that PEITC treatment activated MAPK signaling pathway, and ROS generation was a major cause of PEITC-induced cell death. In a syngeneic orthotopic osteosarcoma mouse model, administration of PEITC (30, 60 mg/kg every day, ig, for 24 days) significantly inhibited the tumor growth, but higher dose of PEITC (90 mg/kg every day) compromised its anti-osteosarcoma effect. Histological examination showed that multiple cell death processes were initiated, iron metabolism was altered and MAPK signaling pathway was activated in the tumor tissues. In conclusion, we demonstrate that PEITC induces ferroptosis, autophagy, and apoptosis in K7M2 osteosarcoma cells by activating the ROS-related MAPK signaling pathway. PEITC has promising anti-osteosarcoma activity. This study sheds light on the redox signaling-based chemotherapeutics for cancers.
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