Journal
ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES
Volume 12, Issue 11, Pages 13182-13188Publisher
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b22736
Keywords
controllable; poly(m-phenylenediamine); hollow carbon nanospheres; anode materials; potassium-ion batteries
Funding
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [51672282]
- Beijing Natural Science Foundation [L182050]
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences [BNLMS-CXXM-202010]
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Hollow carbon nanospheres (HCNs) have found broad applications in a large variety of application fields. Unfortunately, HCNs are known for their tedious operations and are incompetent for scalable synthesis for those widely adopted nanocasting-based routes. Here, we report a facile and highly efficient method for the creation of hollow carbon structures by tuning the growth kinetics of its polymeric precursor. We identified that a controlled polymerization of Cu2+-poly(m-phenylenediamine) (Cu-PmPD) could form nanospheres with modulated inner chemical inhomogeneity, where the core of the particles was low in polymerization degree and water soluble, whereas the outer part was water insoluble. Therefore, a simple water washing of the prepared polymeric particles directly formed hollow nanospheres with a good control on the structural features including their cavity size and shell thickness. HCNs were formed through a following heat treatment and were able to exhibit promising potential as a stable anode material when tested in potassium-ion batteries.
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