Journal
ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES
Volume 12, Issue 7, Pages 8392-8402Publisher
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b18879
Keywords
2D titanium carbide (MXene); mechanical deformation; crumpled and wrinkled structures; microdroplet manipulation; flexible pressure sensor; voice recognition
Funding
- Faculty Research Committee (FRC) Start-Up Grant of National University of Singapore [R-279-000-515-133]
- Ministry of Education (MOE) Academic Research Fund (AcRF) [R-279-000-532-114, R-279-000-551-114, R-397-000-227-112]
- AME Young Investigator Research Grant (A*STAR grant) [R-279-000-546-305, A1884c0017]
- Singapore-MIT Alliance for Research and Technology (SMART) Ignition Grant [R-279-000-572-592]
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Mismatched deformation in a bilayer composite with rigid coating on a soft substrate results in complex and uniform topographic patterns, yet it remains challenging to heterogeneously pattern the upper coatings with various localized structures. Herein, a heterogeneous, 3D microstructure composed of Ti3C2Tx titanium carbide (MXene) and single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) was fabricated using a one-step deformation of a thermally responsive substrate with designed open holes. The mechanically deformed SWNT MXene (s-MXene) structure was next transferred onto an elastomeric substrate, and the resulting s-MXene/elastomer bilayer device exhibited three localized surface patterns, including isotropic crumples, periodic wrinkles, and large papillae-like microstructures. By adjusting the number and pattern, the s-MXene papillae arrays exhibited superhydrophobicity (>170 degrees), strong and tunable adhesive force (52.3-110.6 mu N), and ultra-large liquid capacity (up to 35 mu L) for programmable microdroplet manipulation. The electrically conductive nature of s-MXene further enabled proper thermal management on microdroplets via Joule heating for miniaturized antibacterial tests. The s-MXene papillae were further fabricated in a piezoresistive pressure sensor with high sensitivity (11.47 kPa(-1)). The output current changes of s-MXene sensors were highly sensitive to voice vibrations and responded identically with prerecorded profiles, promising their application in accurate voice acquisition and recognition.
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