Journal
NATURE BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING
Volume 4, Issue 2, Pages 148-158Publisher
NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
DOI: 10.1038/s41551-019-0480-6
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Funding
- Material Science and Engineering Department
- Center for Bio-Integrated Electronics at Northwestern University
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [11402134]
- National Institute on Aging of the National Institutes of Health [R41AG062023, R43AG060812]
- National Science Foundation (NSF) [1842165]
- Ford Foundation Predoctoral Fellowship
- NSF [CMMI1635443]
- Indo-U.S. Science and Technology Forum (SERB-IUSSTF)
- Samsung Scholarship
- Direct For Education and Human Resources
- Division Of Graduate Education [1842165] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
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Skin-mounted soft electronics that incorporate high-bandwidth triaxial accelerometers can capture broad classes of physiologically relevant information, including mechano-acoustic signatures of underlying body processes (such as those measured by a stethoscope) and precision kinematics of core-body motions. Here, we describe a wireless device designed to be conformally placed on the suprasternal notch for the continuous measurement of mechano-acoustic signals, from subtle vibrations of the skin at accelerations of around 10(-3)ms(-2) to large motions of the entire body at about 10ms(-2), and at frequencies up to around 800Hz. Because the measurements are a complex superposition of signals that arise from locomotion, body orientation, swallowing, respiration, cardiac activity, vocal-fold vibrations and other sources, we exploited frequency-domain analysis and machine learning to obtain-from human subjects during natural daily activities and exercise-real-time recordings of heart rate, respiration rate, energy intensity and other essential vital signs, as well as talking time and cadence, swallow counts and patterns, and other unconventional biomarkers. We also used the device in sleep laboratories and validated the measurements using polysomnography. A wireless device designed to be conformally placed on the suprasternal notch can continuously provide real-time information of essential vital signs as well as talking time, swallow counts and sleep patterns.
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