Journal
SUSTAINABILITY
Volume 11, Issue 22, Pages -Publisher
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/su11226443
Keywords
optimum tilt angle; solar PV orientation; solar radiation; isotropic models; anisotropic models; PV; T system
Funding
- NSERC
- MITACS Elevate PDF
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We present a study conducted to obtain optimum tilt angle and orientation of a solar panel for the collection of maximum solar irradiation. The optimum tilt angle and orientation were determined using isotropic and anisotropic diffuse sky radiation models (isotropic and anisotropic models). The four isotropic models giving varying optimum tilt angles in the range of 37 to 44 degrees. On the other hand, results of the four anisotropic models were more consistent, with optimum tilt angles ranging between 46-47 degrees. Both types of models indicated that the collector tilt should be changed four times a year to receive more solar radiation. The results also indicate that the solar panel should be installed with orientation west or east of due south with a flatter tilt angle. A 15 degrees change in orientation west or east of due south results in less than 1% reduction of the total solar radiation received. For a given optimum tilt angle, the effect of photovoltaic/thermal (PV/T) orientation west or east of due south on the outlet temperature was determined using a one-dimensional steady state heat transfer model. It was found that there is less than 1.5% decrease in outlet temperature for a PV/T panel oriented up to 15 degrees east or west of due south from March to December. This result indicates that existing roofs with orientations angles up to 15 degrees east or west of due south can be retrofitted with a PV/T system without changing the roof shape.
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