Journal
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH
Volume 16, Issue 19, Pages -Publisher
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16193741
Keywords
arid land; classical linear model; geographically weighted regression; influencing factors; soil geochemistry
Funding
- Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences [XDA20060303]
- West Light Foundation of the Chinese Academy of Sciences [2016-QNXZ-A-4]
- Tianshan Youth Program of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China [2018Q008]
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A geographically weighted regression and classical linear model were applied to quantitatively reveal the factors influencing the spatial distribution of potentially toxic elements of forty-eight surface soils from Bosten Lake basin in Central Asia. At the basin scale, the spatial distribution of the majority of potentially toxic elements, including: cobalt (Co), chromium (Cr), copper (Cu), nickel (Ni), lead (Pb), thallium (Tl), vanadium (V), and zinc (Zn), had been significantly influenced by the geochemical characteristics of the soil parent material. However, the arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), antimony (Sb), and mercury (Hg) have been influenced by the total organic matter in soils. Compared with the results of the classical linear model, the geographically weighted regression can significantly increase the level of simulation at the basin spatial scale. The fitting coefficients of the predicted values and the actual measured values significantly increased from the classical linear model (Hg: r(2) = 0.31; Sb: r(2) = 0.64; Cd: r(2) = 0.81; and As: r(2) = 0.68) to the geographically weighted regression (Hg: r(2) = 0.56; Sb: r(2) = 0.74; Cd: r(2) = 0.89; and As: r(2) = 0.85). Based on the results of the geographically weighted regression, the average values of the total organic matter for As (28.7%), Cd (39.2%), Hg (46.5%), and Sb (26.6%) were higher than those for the other potentially toxic elements: Cr (0.1%), Co (4.0%), Ni (5.3%), V (0.7%), Cu (18.0%), Pb (7.8%), Tl (14.4%), and Zn (21.4%). There were no significant non-carcinogenic risks to human health, however, the results suggested that the spatial distribution of potentially toxic elements had significant differences.
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