Journal
CELL REPORTS
Volume 29, Issue 6, Pages 1610-+Publisher
CELL PRESS
DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2019.09.068
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Funding
- Medical Research Council (MRC) Centre for Immune Regulation
- Guangzhou Municipal Government (GMG) award [2016201604030021]
- Wellcome Trust PhD studentship in Mechanisms of Inflammatory Diseases
- MRC Confidence in Concept Award
- Wellcome Trust Institutional Support Fund
- MRC
- Wellcome Trust
- GMG
- Birmingham Children's Hospital Research Foundation
- Royal Society Dorothy Hodgkin fellowship
- Sir Henry Dale Fellowship from the Wellcome Trust
- Royal Society [107653/Z/15/Z]
- BBSRC
- ERC consolidator award (MitoFun)
- Wolfson Research Merit Award from the Royal Society
- BBSRC [BB/R008485/1] Funding Source: UKRI
- MRC [G0300102, G0802577, MR/M009157/1, G0700301, MC_PC_14123, G0300101, G0400496] Funding Source: UKRI
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CD4(+) T cells play critical roles in directing immunity, both as T helper and as regulatory T (Treg) cells. Here, we demonstrate that hepatocytes can modulate T cell populations through engulfment of live CD4(+) lymphocytes. We term this phenomenon enclysis to reflect the specific enclosure of CD4(+) T cells in hepatocytes. Enclysis is selective for CD4(+) but not CD8(+) cells, independent of antigen-specific activation, and occurs in human hepatocytes in vitro, ex vivo, and in vivo. Intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1) facilitates T cell early adhesion and internalization, whereas hepatocytes form membrane lamellipodia or blebs to mediate engulfment. T cell internalization is unaffected by wortmannin and Rho kinase inhibition. Hepatocytes engulf Treg cells more efficiently than non-Treg cells, but Treg cell-containing vesicles preferentially acidify overnight. Thus, enclysis is a biological process with potential effects on immunomodulation and opens a new field for research to fully understand CD4(+) T cell dynamics in liver inflammation.
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